Parambikulam

Eco-Meditation Rejuvenate you body and soul Ages ago, wise men in all culture around the world recognized the power of Nature over their lives. Man is affected by Nature and cannot exist unless he is in harmony with it. Eco- meditation is an ideal way to become aware of the dynamic world of the nature around us. It rejuvenates ones inner spirit to the maximum and synergises oneself. For ecomeditation one will be silently taken to a natural rock point through the lush green forest and finally exposing to feel the real magic of nature. A great meditation experience in the real undisturbed world. The ecomeditaion will give one to have the confidence to be on top of the world and the power to conquer any challenges ahead. An armed staff with one ecomeditation specialist will accompany a group of maximum 4 persons. It’s a one hour package starts from 6.00 am to 5.00 pm.

Parambikulam

Veettikunnu Island Nest Explore the peaceful freshwater island. When world is flooded with traffics, industries, pollution, noise, restlessness etc… here one island, which is revered as most peaceful and unpolluted natural home. Veettikunnu island inn - a paradise in itself. Before getting into and witness the wonderful night stay in this green oxygen parlour one will have the opportunity to cruise on row boats along the island stretches which provides a bonus of viewing the sunset, mind lowing serenity and rich wildlife diversity. Before reaching back one will also undergo a brief bird watching cum nature trail early in the morning in the island. An armed staff, two naturalist and 4 experienced EDC rowers will accompany a maximum of 6 tourists.

Kerala Trip

Wilderness Camps Experience the Wilderness Those who are planning to blend themselves with the real virgin forest then consider camping at night at WILDERNESS CAMP. WILDERNESS CAMP will give an opportunity to encounter nature and Wildlife at its best. In wild nights camp the visitors get a unimaginable experience of camping out doors in tents in the sylvan surrounding of the Forest. An armed staff and one experienced tribal naturalist will accompany a group of maximum of 4 persons in two tents.

Parambikulam

Tented Niche A paradise in itself The tented homes at Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary are the best available tented facilities than any other place. The tented home package will provide a full experience of nature, wilderness and other facilities. The discerning aspirants will be given an opportunity to learn through audio visual programmes, field visit, tribal colony visit apart from lifetime cherishing experience with nature and rich wildlife of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary. Tented Niche offers thrilling and exciting trekking through the virgin evergreen forest of Western Ghat giving you the chance to experience the serinity of nature. A walk along the reservoir will rejuvenate your tired spirit and body. Bird watchers will find the sanctuary as an avian paradise. With special emphasis on minimizing impact and providing exclusivity, the Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary has only 7 tented cottages. These cottages are eco-friendly and built on concrete platforms. They are very comfortable, twin bedded Swiss tents with modern attached baths. Located sufficiently away from any habitation, ParambikulamWildlife Sanctuary offers complete peace and tranquillity. Facilities Sit back and relax in an open-to-sides gol ghar and tuck into the buffet lunch or supper. As twilight dissolves into the night, one can witness the beauty of nature under dark too. Our hospitable naturalist (local tribes) are your host and they are ever willing to cater to your needs. Cuisine The camp offers a scrumptious buffet of Indian food, mainly from South India. While the breakfast is generally a quite affair, as you savour the view and natural ambience along with the food, the supper is more spirited and lively. Programme Day 1 1.00 pm : Check - in 1.30 pm : Lunch 2.30 pm : Introduction & Orientation Centre 3.15 pm : Kannimara Safari 4.45 pm : Tea 5.00 pm : Tribal Symphony/ Bamboo Rafting/ Parambikkulam Boating 6.15 pm : Parambikulam Dusk Ride 7.00 pm : Break 8.30 pm : Supper 9.30 pm : Wildlife Movie /Star gazing Day 2 : 6.00 am : Wake up call, tea/coffee 6.30 am : Eco-meditation/ Bird watching/ Elephant Song Trail/ Kariyanshola Trail 9.30 am : Break fast 10.30 pm : Interpretation Centre 12 Noon : Check out

Parambikulam

Paid Nature Camps Nature – the great teacher Nature is our great teacher. Learning nature and its wonders is really an ocean of knowledge. To suffice once learning requirement for natural forests & wildlife and an interactive and educative Paid Nature Camps are in the offing. This interactive Nature camp. Consists of a variety of innovative nature learning interpretative tools which include proper Powerpoint presentations, slide shows, quiz programme, bird watching, trekking, anti-plastic drive, tree planting, classes at modern audio- visual interpretation center, Eco- meditation, and a free membership to join the ‘ Friends of Parambikulam’ group. The two-day package will provide the good food and accommodation at the Hornbill Dormitory.

Parambikulam

Horn Bill Watching Be in the shoes of Dr. Salim Ali Bird watcher will having an excellent opportunity to stay and camp at Kuriarkutty where the legendry Ornithologist Dr. Slim Ali had stayed for 3 long years from 1936 to 1939. You can also have an opportunity to traverse along those paths which were once followed by Dr. Salim Ali for studying the birds and finally publishing the landmark book called “Birds of Kerala”. The interactive package will consists of visiting the Salim Ali gallery, birds gallery and audio visual programmes on birds at Salim Ali Bird Interpretation Centre located on the bank of Parambiar river at Kuriarkutty. An armed staff, two trained tribal Ornithologists will accompany a group of maximum 10 bird watchers at Salim Ali Centre for this package.

Parambikulam

Thellikkal Nights Those who wish to stay in the beautiful old forest Thellikkal IB one can opt for Thellikkal Nights. The accommodation is deep inside the forest and has to trek on 8 km to reach the spot. The ambience of Thellikkal Nights in absolute forest with a beautiful lake and vayal in front where one can meet the real tranquility of nature. One armed staff with two trained tribal trekkers will accompany a group of maximum 6 persons.

Parambikulam

Peep Through Watch Towers A unique wildlife sighting experience Watch towers are the heart and soul of protected areas for the effective monitoring and patrolling. Here a great opportunity to be in the shoes of dedicated forest staffs of protected areas and monitor the great wildlife diversity of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary. The package includes a short trek webbing through the evergreen and moist deciduous forests and finally climbing and settling in the watch tower to witness the memorable night that follows. Eco-Tourist will be given data sheets, binoculars etc. to count the wildlife sightings that come across. An armed staff, two trained tribal naturalists will accompany a group of maximum 4 persons. Tea, snacks and packed dinner will be served on top of the watch tower. (Note : No inbuilt toilet facility is available) Package start at 3 pm and finish at 7 am next morning.

Parambikulam

Machan World Get arboreal and feel on top of canopy A lifetime cherishing experience to stay on top of bamboo machans which are safely erected on treetops. The package includes nature trail, traversing diverse habitats and trekking routes which may encounter numerous birds, butterflies, sambar, guars, spotted deer and charismatic carnivours and finally climb and stay, on the ancient tribal engineering marvel – Machan World. An armed staff and two naturalists will accompany of a group of maximum 5 eco-tourists. In case of Sambhar Machan western toilet is available. Package starts at 3 pm evening and ends 7 am next morning (note : No built in toilet facility is available in the machans)

Parambikulam

Treetop Experience Metros envy…….. ours pride Treetops are the ideal place for experiencing and enjoying the jungle nights. The panoramic lake views at the backdrop from the top of the treetops are mersmerising to anyone. The treetop stay here will really make one feel that their stay at star hotels in the polluted cities are worthless. Lets experience the million dollar satisfaction in the Nature’s own abode. An armed staff, one trained tribal naturalist will accompany a group of maximum of two persons. Check in 12 noon, checkout 11 am next day.

Parambikulam

Elephant Song Trail Rhyme along with nature A soft trek of just 4 kms and is for all age group from kids to elderly people. The 4 km stretch will traverse through the miniature evergreen patches of Western Ghats with a bonus of viewing many charismatic wildlife which include sambars, spotted deer, Nilgiri langoors, barking deer, sloth bear, and the giants like elephant and the gaur. An armed staff with one trained tribal naturalist will accompany a group of maximum 6 persons.

Parambikulamm

Karian Shola Trail A search for Sanjeevani A trail through enchanting natural world and beautiful evergreen forests with a mosaic of numerous endangered medicinal plants and orchids. Kariyanshola trail offers to experience the nature at its pristine best and it is really a treat to your eyes and soul. Enjoy Kariyanshola trail. An armed staff with two trained tribal naturalist will accompany a group of maximum 6 persons.

Parambikulam

High Range Hiking A passage through tahr’s Ranges A protection oriented hard and adventurous trek starts at 8’O clock in the morning and ends in the evening 4 pm. The route passes through undulating terrains, with altitude ranging from 500 MSL to 1200 MSL While traversing the varied vegetational types ranging from evergreen to deciduous, plantations, Vayals, Bamboo brakes and finally cherishing the mind blowing hill grassland - the shola forest, one will come across the glimpses of endangered mountain goat Nilagiri Thar, LTM, great pied Hornbill, Elephants, Leopards, Gaurs, etc. An Armed staff with two trained hill trekkers will accompany a group of maximum five persons.

Parambikulam

Pugmark Trail Follow the footprints of the jungle King Tiger is the most magnificent animal that the nature has even created. Here’s an opportunity to track those glorious pugmarks left behind by this greatest and charismatic cat. During the trail one can also witness other great carnivores like Dholes and leopards apart from numerous herbivores like Elephants, Gaur, Sambar, spotted deer, primates like Nilgiri langur, LTM slendeloris, and omnivores like sloth bear etc. This unique programme is conducted by a team of expert tiger trackers. An armed staff and two tiger trackers will accompany a group of maximum 6 persons.

Parambikulam

Forester's Dwelling Live with foresters It’s really a daunting task to protect the valuable Forest and Wildlife resources. Our forests are an open treasure surrounded by pressures. It’s because of the selfless efforts of dedicated forest staff, the existing of forest and wildlife are conserved for all of us. Forest dwelling is an opportunity to learn, to feel and live like a forest staff. Forest dwelling will also give the forest staff, who are living in the remotest part leaving the families far away to interact and share their valuable experience with all of you. Enjoy forest dwelling. An armed staff and two trained tribal naturalist will accompany a group of maximum six persons.

Parambikulam

Cochin State Forest Tramway Trek Combine nature with history and heritage The fairy tale of Tramway is that it was set up in 1905 under the visionary of Maharaja of Cochin Sri. Rama Varma to transport Cochin teak from Parambikulam to Chalakkudy and then to export it to the rest of the World from Cochin Harbour. The money from this tramway was used to equip Cochin into a modern port, Wellington Island, Roads, Bridges etc… Can you believe it… the great Tramway was stopped in 1953. Now only the remnants in the form of rails, bridges, wagons, etc. are there. To give a fitting tribute to the centenary of this Cochin State Forest Tramway a unique innovative eco-friendly trekking Package is launched along this once existed tramway route. The foot trail along this rail trail will give an unique opportunity to witness some of the remnants of Cochin Forest Tramway in the form of bridges, rusted wagons, rails, wheels etc. besides sighting hundreds of birds and animals including Tiger, Elephant, Sambar, Spotted Deer, Sloth Bear, Procupine etc. So explore some of the forgotten mysteries of Cochin State Forest Tramway and stay connected with nature history and heritage. Trek Program Day 1 : Parambikulam Dam to Muthuvarachal (Stay at Muthuvarachal) Day 2: Muthuvarachal to Parambikulam Dam An armed staff and 3 trained tribal naturalists will accompany a group of maximum 5 persons. Starts at 10 am; tea, snacks, breakfast, lunch and dinner will be served on route.

Parambikulam

Cochin State Forest Tramway Trek Combine nature with history and heritage The fairy tale of Tramway is that it was set up in 1905 under the visionary of Maharaja of Cochin Sri. Rama Varma to transport Cochin teak from Parambikulam to Chalakkudy and then to export it to the rest of the World from Cochin Harbour. The money from this tramway was used to equip Cochin into a modern port, Wellington Island, Roads, Bridges etc… Can you believe it… the great Tramway was stopped in 1953. Now only the remnants in the form of rails, bridges, wagons, etc. are there. To give a fitting tribute to the centenary of this Cochin State Forest Tramway a unique innovative eco-friendly trekking Package is launched along this once existed tramway route. The foot trail along this rail trail will give an unique opportunity to witness some of the remnants of Cochin Forest Tramway in the form of bridges, rusted wagons, rails, wheels etc. besides sighting hundreds of birds and animals including Tiger, Elephant, Sambar, Spotted Deer, Sloth Bear, Procupine etc. So explore some of the forgotten mysteries of Cochin State Forest Tramway and stay connected with nature history and heritage. Trek Program Day 1 : Parambikulam Dam to Muthuvarachal (Stay at Muthuvarachal) Day 2: Muthuvarachal to Parambikulam Dam An armed staff and 3 trained tribal naturalists will accompany a group of maximum 5 persons. Starts at 10 am; tea, snacks, breakfast, lunch and dinner will be served on route.

Parambikulam

Ecocare Centre Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary has initiated many eco tourism packages to give livelihood to local tribal communities. All the eco tourism packages are running through the different Eco Development Committees under the umbrella called Forest Development Agency, Parambikulam. For channelising the booking for all these packages one Eco Care Centre for the tourists is in place at Anappady. For all the eco tourism informations, booking etc. one can directly be in touch with Eco Care Centre. The details of Eco Care Centre is given below :

Parambikulam

Dolmens (Muniyara) Dolmens are the traditional cemeteries of tribal head men of Parambikulam Wildlife sanctuary. The Dolmens found in the forest of Parambikulam Sanctuary is believed to be 300 years old according the local tribes. These Dolmens are beautifully erected with the help of flat stones and it is really an archeological marvel and traditional tribal heritage. One can witness these traditional dolmens by undertaking dolmen trail package.

Parambikulam

Shola Forests Shola forests are unique montane vegetation occupying temperate habitats in tropical latitude and are communities restricted to valley and depressions especially along the folds of hills. Karimala hills of this sanctuary has some resembling characteristics of this type. The forest restricted to Karimala hills, is not a true shola, according to forest type description, but it shows important characters of shola plants i.e., stunted short boled highly branched trees, clothed with mosses and other epiphytes. Woody climbers are few. There is no stratification for trees and leaves are mostly small. The species growing in this type of forests are given below. Trees: Cinnamomum sulphuratum, Euonymus indicus, Ligustrum robustum (rox burghii), Mesua indica, Symplocos cochinchinensis, etc. Epiphytes (Orchids): Lycopodium phlegmaria, Bulbophyllum fusco-purpureum, Bulbophyllum tremulum, Eria clavicaulis, Eria reticulate, Oberonia denticulata, Oberonia lindleyana, Dendrobium chlorops, Dendrobium nutans, D.viridiflora etc. Ground Vegetation: Impatiens parasitica, Peperomia tetraphylla and other species of palatable grasses are in abundance. One can witness this type of forests while trekking to the Karimala Gopuram through High Range Hiking (Hard trek) package.

parambikulam

Salim Ali Gallery The Gallery is a repository of hundreds of photographs of Dr. Salim Ali ranging from his childhood. Dr. Salim Ali , father of Orniythology in India, had spent two long years at Kuriarkutty Parambikulam for studying birds of kerala. Here is an attempt to give a fitting tribute to legendry Dr. Salim Ali by developing a photo gallery of Dr. Salim Ali. This Gallery is one of its kind in whole of India exclusively dedicated to Dr. Salim Ali

Parambikulam

The Salim Ali Bird interpretation centre at Kuriarty offers opurtunity for bird enthusiasts to learn and study the birds of Western Ghats in general. The gallery provides a wonderful listing of birds ranging from common birds of india, birds of western ghats, birds of kerala and birds of parambikulam.

Parambikulam

Modern Nature Interpretation Centre The modern interprtation centre at anappadi is equipped with "state-of-art" audio visual facilities. It has interactive three dimensional models of bio-diversity hotspots, of the world, western ghat, kerala and Parambikulam wildlife sanctuary. It has three series of modern quiz machine for evaluating your wildlife knowledge. It also has one tiger cell wich is the repository of information on this charismatic cat-the tiger. In the audio visual section one can come across different and interesting bio- acoustics and feel the sound of forest and wildlife The medicinal plants section will take you into the wonderful world of rare and endangered medicinal plants of Western ghats and Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary.

Parambikulam

Tram way This is the story of an amazing little tramway that was functional during the 1st half of the 20 century. This tramway was laid from the plains of Chalakudy around 40 Kms of North of Cochin to Parambikulam. The lines cuts across the Western Ghats, went through lush green forests, crossed streams and rivers and was considered to be a scenic and enjoyable journey. The Tramway had a total length of around 49.5 miles. Truly this Tramway called - the Cochin State Forest Tramway was nested and webbed through the Western Ghats. These timber lines were laid for logging in the Parambikulam forests and to transport timber to Chalakudy. The valuable teak and rosewood were further shipped across many continents. The major user of timber from Cochin was the ship building industry in Clyde, UK and many Railways across the world used this timber as the sleepers. There was even a “brand” called “Cochin Teak” famous during those days. It was the great vision of Sri. Rama Varma “Rajarshi”, who ruled the state of Cochin from 1895 to 1914. Rajarshi was successful in taking the present day Cochin in to the World Map in terms of trade and Commerce. It was during Rajarshi's period the historical Cochin State Forest Tramway was laid in 1901. Originally conceived by Mr. J.C. Kolhoff, the first Conservator of Forests, Cochin, the project was implemented by Mr. V.Alwar Chetty, a Forest Officer on special duty. The initial survey and route alignment were done by British Officers. Mr. Haldwell and Mr. Floukes. The first Tramway Engineer who cleared the forests and laid the lines was Mr. R.E. Haffield. Orenstein and Koppel of Germany supplied all locomotives, rolling stock and machinery for the Tramway. P & W MacLennan of the UK supplied all bridges and culverts. Mr. K.R.Menon was the last Tramway Engineer. The Tramway was inaugurated by the Governor of Madras, Sir Arthur Oliver Villiers Russel, 2nd Baron Ampthill on 3rd October 1905. So finally this fairy tale tramway was set up in 1905 to tap resource from the forests and bring in wealth to the State Treasury of Cochin. The money was used to equip Cochin for the modern port. The Wellington Island, Roads, Bridges and Educational Institutions of Cochin were funded by this Tramway. These ambitious initiatives transformed Cochin in to a major commercial, industrial and trading Hub of Indian Peninsula. Were you aware of this fact ? Unbelievable …… isn't it Look at what the great visionary, the Maharaja of Cochin, Sir Rama Varma XV Rajarshi wrote in his autobiography about this route : “In October 1903, I made an extensive tour in the Parambikulam and Nelliyampathy forests traversing them right across. I followed the alignment adopted for my journey to Parambikulam. The discomfort of the journey was more than compensated by the magnificent scenery. Throughout the route I saw endless avenues of trees of immense girth and height and of variegated foliage... The imperial sylviculturist Mr. H.Champion wrote about this Tramway: “There is nothing like it in India. It is an engineering marvel.” Dr. Salim Ali did his research expeditions and has identified more than 100 species of birds along the entire stretch of tramway. The entire Tramway was divided in to three sections Started from Chalakudy to Anapantham, covering a distance of 21 miles. Second section was from Kavalai to Pothupara covering a distance of 6 miles. Third section was from Komalapara right upto the last point called Chinnar, now submerged under Parambikulam Reservoir. It covered for about 22.5 miles. Between sections one and two there were three inclines from Anapantham to Kavalai and between two and three there were two inclines from Pothupara to Komalapara. This inclines worked on rollers and cables with double lines. Empty wagons were rolled up while loaded wagons were pushed down along the other rails. In total it used to take 9 hours to cover the entire distance. Wow ……………. really The Cochin State Forest Tramway was an Engineering marvel. After running successfully for nearly 50 years and creating history by making Cochin a present day commercial harbour and trading centre, The Cochin State Forest Tramway was abolished in 1951 on the basis of special finance committee report. Though Cochin State Forest Tramway is an history now but one can cherish those glorious period of Cochin State Forest Tramway by witnessing some of the remnants in the form of broken iron bridges semi rusted wagons, Rail Trails, wheels, workshops, water tanks, wells etc. To trek along these trails will connect the nature with history and heritage. Hence Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary is running some very special eco-tourism package for those nature lovers who wishes to get connected with nature, history and heritage. Hence this Cochin State Forest Tramway trek for you the special persons.

Parambikulam

Kannimara Safari Witness the World’s largest Teak Kannimara Teak is really a visual splendor which will please not only our eyes but also expand out chest out in pride witnessing the largest living Teak on mother earth. It has an unbelievable girth of 6.5 mtrs and it needs atleast 5 adult persons to encircle the trunk with their stretched arms. Be a party to this natural history and heritage. The package will start from Thunakadavu dam traversing through the great teak plantations covering some 6 kms to reach this magnificent teak. The Kannimara Safari vehicle will also provide an opportunity to witness the rich wildlife diversity of Parambikulam.

Full moon Census

Parambikulam Witness the dining table of Parambikulam Tigers A lifetime opportunity for those who want to count the herbivorous, carnivores and nocturnal birds in one area called Anakkal Vayal popularly known as ‘dining table of Parambikulam Tigers’. This package offers a captivating nature trail for 4 Kms before finally settling down on the treetop machan. The tourist will be given data sheets, binoculars etc. for counting the rich wildlife, visiting on this grassland the night follows. The package is only for 5 days in a month ie. two days before and after the full moon night. One armed staff and two trained tribal naturalist will accompany a group of maximum 5 persons.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

SNEHAPANAM Wörtlich bedeutet es, medizinische Öle oder Ghee oral einzunehmen. Die Quantität wird im Verlauf der Behandlung, die meist 8-12 Tage dauert, kontinuierlich erhöht. Snehapanam gilt sowohl als therapeutische Anwendung wie auch als Vorbereitung auf die Reinigungskur. Diese Behandlung ist bei Gelenkarthrosen, Schuppenflechten, chronischen Verstopfungen und Hämorrhoiden etc. sehr effektiv.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

NASYAM Als eine der Panchakarma-Anwendungen ist Nasyam eine Behandlung, bei der Kräutersäfte, Heilöle usw. täglich für 14 Tage durch die Nase verabreicht werden. Dies ist besonders effektiv bei bestimmten Kopfschmerzen, Lähmungen, psychischen Erkrankungen und einigen Hautkrankheiten.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

ABHYANGAM Das ist eine besondere Art der Massage, bei der die Massagerichtung dem Blutkreislauf entspricht. Sie dauert 45 Minuten und wird 14 Tage lang verabreicht. Diese Behandlung ist gut gegen Übergewicht, Schlaflosigkeit, Erschöpfung und andere Vatha-Krankheiten sowie für den Glanz der Haut.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

UDVARTHANAM Bei dieser Anwendung werden spezielle Kräuterpuder von 2 Therapeutinnen synchron auf besondere Weise 30-45 Minuten täglich über 14-28 Tage hinweg auf dem Körper einmassiert. Diese Behandlung wird auch Pudermassage genannt. Sie ist wirkungsvoll bei Übergewicht, halbseitigen und vollständigen Lähmungen, Hautkrankheiten, beeinträchtigter Zirkulation und anderen Kapha-Krankheiten.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

SIROVASTHI Spezielle warme Kräuteröle werden in einen Hut gegossen, der zuvor auf dem Kopf befestigt wurde, und für 15-60 Minuten täglich – je nach Verfassung des Patienten – über 7 Tage zur Einwirkung gebracht wird. Diese Behandlung führt bei Gesichtlähmungen, Trockenheit von Nase, Mund und Rachen, starken Kopfschmerzen und anderen Krankheiten der Kopfregion zu guten Heilerfolgen.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

VASTHI Auch als medizinischer Einlauf bekannt. Vasthi ist eine Heilmethode, bei der Kräuteröle, Pflanzenextrakte u.a. täglich 5-25 Tage lang rektal verabreicht werden. Diese Behandlung ist bei Arthritis, halbseitigen Lähmungen, Taubheit der Glieder, gastritischen Beschwerden, Rheuma und chronischen Verstopfungen sehr effektiv.

Ayurveda_Kerala Trip

SIRODHARA „Siro“ bedeutet Kopf, und „Dhara“ ist er ununterbrochene Fluss von Flüssigkeit. Bei dieser Anwendung werden Kräuteröle, mit Kräutern versetzte Milch oder Buttermilch etc. nach einer bestimmten Methode täglich 40 Minuten lang über 7-21 Tage hinweg auf die Stirn gegossen. Diese Behandlung wird hauptsächlich bei Schlafstörungen, Gedächtnisschwund, Kopfschmerzen, mentalen Spannungen und bestimmten Hautkrankheiten angewandt.

Ayurveda-Kerala Trip

NJAVARAKIZHI Bei dieser Behandlung werden der ganze Körper oder bestimmte Körperbereiche durch das Auftragen warmer, medizinischer Reispuddings in Baumwollsäckchen zu Schwitzen gebracht. Diese Anwendung wird von 2-4 Masseurinnen über 60-90 Minuten für 14 Tage ausgeführt. Diese Behandlung ist gut gegen Rheuma, Gelenkschmerzen, Untergewicht, hohen Blutdruck, hohen Cholesterinspiegel und bestimmte Arten von Hautkrankheiten.

Ayurveda-Kerala Trip

PIZHICHIL Pizhichil ist eine der seltenen und speziellen Behandlungen in Kerala. Bei dieser Behandlung werden warme Kräuteröle kontinuierlich von 2-4 Therapeutinnen synchron in einem bestimmten Rhythmus auf dem ganzen Körper aufgetragen. Die Anwendung dauert 60-90 Minuten und wird über 7-21 Tage gegeben. Pizhichil, auch Ölbad genannt, wird auf einem speziellen Massagetisch verabreicht, der aus einem einzigen Stück des Strychnos-Nuxvomica-Baumes gearbeitet ist. Diese Behandlung hilft sehr gut bei rheumatischen Erkrankungen wie Arthritis, vollständigen und halbseitigen Lähmungen, verschiedenen Formen von Paralyse, sexueller Schwäche und bei Störungen des Nervensystems.

Ayurveda-Kerala Trip

SANDHI VATHA CHIKILSA Diese Kur beinhaltet Massagen, Lepanam, Ölanwendungen auf den betroffenen Stellen, Kizhi, Dampfbad, Snehavasthy, Pizhichil, Njavarakizhi, Snehapanam und Medizin zum Einnehmen. Im Gegensatz zur modernen, westlichen Medizin gibt es im Auyrveda sehr effektive Heilmethoden gegen rheumatische Erkrankungen, wie z.B. rheumatische Arthritis, Gicht, Gelenkarthrosen, verschiedene Formen von Spondylose (Wirbelsäulenversteifung), Osteoporose usw.

Ayurveda- Kerala Trip

THALAPOTHICHIL Verschiedene Heilkräuter werden je nach dem vorherrschenden Dosha des Patienten zusammengestellt, zu einer Paste verarbeitet und auf der Kopfhaut für 30-45 Minuten aufgetragen. Das ist gut gegen Schlafstörungen, frühzeitiges Ergrauen und andere Probleme der Haare und Kopfhaut.

Ayurveda- Kerala trip

LEPANAM Bei Lepanam wird eine medizinische Kräuterpaste auf die betroffenen Stellen aufgetragen. Bei Entzündungen, Hautkrankheiten, Arthritis, Gicht und dergleichen hat sich Lepanam als heilsam erwiesen.

Ayurveda- Kerala Trip

THALAM Spezielles Puder wird mit Kräuteröl vermengt, auf dem Kopf aufgetragen und für 20-45 Minuten dort belassen. Diese Behandlung hilft bei Hals-, Nasen- und Ohren-Problemen, Schlafstörungen, Migräne usw.

Ayurveda- Kerala Trip

KSHEERADHOOMAM Dies ist eine besondere Anwendung, bei der Kräutermedizin und Kuhmilch vermischt, erhitzt und als Dampf durch ein Rohr auf den ganzen Körper oder betroffenen Stellen geleitet werden. Man hat festgestellt, dass diese Behandlung bei Gesichtslähmungen, Sprachfehlern, Ptosis (Organsenkungen) und verschiedenen nervlichen Störungen sehr effektiv ist.

Ayurveda- Kerala Trip

UROVASTHI Wie bei Kativasthi, so wird auch hier spezielles warmes Öl aufgetragen und 45 Minuten zur Einwirkung gebracht – in diesem Fall jedoch auf dem Brustkorb. Urovasthi ist wirkungsvoll gegen Asthma und andere Beschwerden der Atemwege, bei Herzkrankheiten und muskulären Schmerzen im Brustbereich.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

KATIVASTHI Bei dieser Anwendung werden speziell vorbereitete warme Heilöle mit einem Kräuterteigring als Begrenzung auf dem unteren Rücken aufgetragen und wirken für 45-60 Minuten ein. Kativasthi ist sehr gut für alle Arten von Rückenschmerzen sowie für Wirbelsäulenprobleme.

Ayurveda - Kerala trip

DHANYAMLA DHARA Warme Kräuterflüssigkeiten werden in bestimmter rhythmischer Weise in einem speziellen Gefäß über den Körper gegossen, und zwar 45-60 Minuten täglich. Diese Anwendung ist gut für halbseitige und vollständige Lähmungen.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

KIZHI Frische oder zermahlene Kräuterblätter werden in Baumwollsäckchen gefüllt, in warmes Kräuteröl getunkt und auf dem ganzen Körper oder nur auf bestimmten Stellen aufgetragen. Diese Behandlung wird über einen Zeitraum von 7-14 Tagen täglich 45 Minuten lang vorgenommen. Sie ist sehr gut bei Gelenkarthrosen, Spondylose, Sportunfällen und dergleichen.

Ayurveda - Kerala Trip

„Ein Mensch wird gesund genannt, wenn dessen Physiognomie im Gleichgewicht ist, dessen Verdauung und Stoffwechsel gut arbeiten, dessen Gewebe- und Ausscheidungsfunktion normal funktionieren und dessen Seele, Geist und Sinne sich im Zustand dauerhaften, inneren Glücks befinden.“ Sushruta, ayurvedischer Arzt, 1000 v.Chr. Ayurveda ist eine Lebensphilosophie, die sich mit der Wahrung eines gesunden Lebensstils beschäftigt. Sie entstand vor etwa 5000 Jahren in Indien und stellt das älteste überlieferte Medizinsystem der Welt dar. Die ersten schriftlichen Überlieferungen reichen bis zu 3.000 Jahre zurück. Seinen sprachwissenschaftlichen Ursprung hat Ayurveda im Sanskrit: „Ayus“ bedeutet Leben, beziehungsweise Zeitspanne des Lebens. „Veda“ meint das Wissen oder auch die Wissenschaft. Die Wortzusammenstellung „Ayurveda“ bedeutet also nicht nur „Wissen vom Leben“. Sie will auch aussagen, dass man sein Leben in physischer und psychischer Hinsicht in bestmöglicher Verfassung verbringen soll. Die ayurvedische Philosophie hat ein langes und vor allem gesundes Leben im Sinne eines ausgeglichenen Lebensstils im Blick – basierend auf den drei Säulen Körper, Geist und Seele. Dabei steht nicht nur die Behandlung von Krankheiten, sondern auch die Vorbeugung durch Entschlackungs- und Vitalisierungsbehandlungen im Vordergrund. Der Mensch wird als Einheit von Körper, Seele und Geist gesehen – und entsprechend muss jeder Behandlungsplan auf die individuellen Bedürfnisse des Patienten eingehen. Am Beginn jeder Kur steht deshalb eine Eingangsuntersuchung durch die behandelnden Ärzte, zu der neben der Erfassung der Krankheitsgeschichte und der aktuellen Lebensgewohnheiten auch die Pulsdiagnose und eine körperliche Untersuchung gehören. Eine besonders wichtige Rolle spielt dabei die Feststellung des Dosha-Typs nach dem ayurvedischen TriDosha-Konzept. Doshas existieren in jeweils unterschiedlich starker Ausprägung von Geburt an in jedem Menschen. Sie sollten sich stets in Harmonie zueinander befinden – auch wenn sich ihr Verhältnis untereinander im Laufe des Lebens verschieben kann. Die richtige Balance der Doshas ist Voraussetzung für körperliche und geistige Gesundheit. Ein ungesunder und unausgeglichener Lebensstil oder Änderungen der Lebensumstände verschieben das natürliche Gleichgewicht. Diese Störung der Balance wird in der ayurvedischen Lehre als Grund für Krankheiten gesehen. Ziel jeder Panchakarma-Behandlung ist die Wiederherstellung des Gleichgewichts. Elementare Bestandteile jeder Kur sind dabei Ölmassagen, verschiedene Kräuter- und Reinigungsbehandlungen sowie Yoga und Meditation. Der genaue Behandlungsplan muss individuell erarbeitet werden. Dies gilt auch für den ayurvedischen Ernährungsplan: Denn je nach Dosha-Konstitution beeinflusst das gleiche Gewürz oder die gleiche Zutat die Balance der Doshas unterschiedlich.

Theyyam- Kannur- Kerala Trip

Kerala Trip: Muzhappilangad Beach - Kannur - Kerala Trip: Muzhappilangad Beach with its shallow waters makes it ideal for swimmers. Just 15 km from Kannur and 8 km from Thalassery, the beach is bor...

Muzhappilangad Beach - Kannur - Kerala Trip

Muzhappilangad Beach with its shallow waters makes it ideal for swimmers. Just 15 km from Kannur and 8 km from Thalassery, the beach is bordered by black rocks, which protects it. It is Kerala's only drive in beach where you can drive for a full four km, from Kannur to Tellicherry. The enchanting ambience of the beautiful Muzhappilangad beach invites one to swim, sunbathe, or just laze around. From Muzhappilangad, one can view the Dharmadam Island or the Green Island.

Dharmadom- Kannur - Kerala Trip

Dharmadam is a census town in Thalassery taluk of Kannur district in the state of Kerala, India. It is known for the 100-year-old Government Brennen College and Dharmadam Island.Dharmadam is also home to famous Andaloor Kavu.The annual festival here draws thousnds of devotees. Variety of theyyams are performed during the week long fest in February. During the festive season the entire village follows vegetarian diet and offers rice flakes,jaggery and plaintins to all guests. India's premier circus Academy,Circus Academy Thalassery is also located at Dharmadam. There is a small railway station in Dharmadam where only the local passenger trains stop.Dharmadam is fast becoming a tourist hub. Dharmadam was earlier known as Dharmapattanam and was previously a Buddhist stronghold. The Dharmadam Island is located 100 metres away from the mainland at Dharmadam. Geographically, Dharmadam is an island, en route Thalassery and Kannur. It is surrounded by the Anjarakandy river on three sides and by the Arabian sea on the fourth side. The Jews and the Arabs have named this place Dahfattan in their records in 12th century, the British named it Darmapatam and the Portuguese called it Darmapatao.The last perumal of Kerala Cheraman Perumal left for Arabia from Dharmadam. The relics of a small fort built by him can be seen at Cherman hills where Brennen College is situated.

Kerala Trip - Kannur

Kannur Kannur is one among the northernmost districts in the south western state of Kerala in India. The old name 'Cannanore' is the anglicised form of the Malayalam word Kannur. Kannur might have derived its name from one of the the Hindu diety, Kannan (Lord Krishna) and Ur (place) making it the place of Lord Krishna. The deity of the Katalayi Sreekrishna temple was earlier situated in a shrine at Katalayi Kotta in the south eastern part of the Kannur town. With the Western Ghats in the east and lakshadweep sea in the west, kannur district is bounded by a wealth of natural beauty. Kannur is blessed with natural beaches, hill stations, rivers, backwaters, historical monuments and religious centres. The district itself which shares much of the natural splendour has been a key contributor to the cultural, religious, political and industrial heritage of the state. In addition, Kannur enjoys the credit of having been the cradle of many a colourful folk art and folk music of Kerala. Kannur is rightly described as “The land of Looms and Lores”. Kannur is well known for its handlooms. It is one of the major exporter handlooms in India. The handloom cloths of Kannur have won international reputation. The industry was confined to the production of coarse varieties of dhoties and like, in the past. Production of quality and exportable varieties of handloom fabric was started when the Basal Evengelical Mission entered the field. The handloom industry, which was once the monopoly of private enterprise, has since been organised on co-operative lines. It provides employment to hundreds of thousands of people directly and indirectly. Kannur is rich in traditional art and culture. Kannur is the home of Kerala folklore academy. The gift of Kannur in the field of art and culture is its folk arts. A large number of folk plays and dances are prevalent among the scheduled caster and tribes. Each tribe has its own glorious collection of folk plays and dances which are performed during festivals. Theyyam or Theyattam is an ancient and still popular ritual dance. It’s a unique combination of dance, music and also reflects the main features of a tribal culture. Theyyam is generally performed in front of the village shrines. There are a large number of temples in Kannur where Theyyam is performed.

Kerala Trip - kovalam Beach

Kovalam has three beaches separated by rocky outcroppings in its 17 km coastline, the three together form the famous crescent of the Kovalam beach Lighthouse Beach The southernmost beach, the Lighthouse Beach is the one most frequented by tourists, Lighthouse Beach got its name due to the old Vizhinjam Lighthouse located on a rocky promontory here. Its intermittent beams at night render the beach with an unearthly charm. See some images of Kovalam here. Hawah Beach Eve’s Beach, more commonly known as Hawa Beach, ranks second, in the early day, is a beehive of activities with fishermen setting out for sea. With a high rock promontory and a calm bay of blue waters, this beach paradise creates a unique aquarelle on moonlit nights. Samudra Beach A large promontory separates this part from the southern side. Samudra Beach doesn't have tourists thronging there or hectic business. The local fishermen ply their trade on this part. Detour past Kovalam junction to land on Samudra Beach which is to the north of Ashoka Beach. One has the option to walk along the sea-wall too.The sight of the waves lashing on the rocks below is awesome. Shallow waters stretching for hundreds of metres are ideal for swimming. The beaches have steep palm covered headlands and are lined with shops that offer all kinds of goods and services.[3]

Wayanad

Wayanad - Kerala Trip

Banasura Sagar Dam This is the largest earth dam in India. The topography here is such that many islands will be formed in the upstream of the dam when the dam is full. These islands with the background of the Banasura hill will provide a hypnotising sight to tourists. Chembra Peak The hills, rocks and valleys, which contribute to the very unique character of Wayanad, provide a lot of adventure tourism. Trekking to the Chembra peak is a risky mountaineering endeavour. Chembra peak, the highest hill in Wayanad, is near Meppady town. Trekking to the top of the peak takes almost a day. Tourists can also stay one or two days at the top of the peak in temporary camps. District Tourism Promotion Council provides guides, sleeping bags, canvases, huts and trekking implements on hire. The scenic beauty of Wayanad, which is visible from the top of Chembra, is very exhilarating. Edakkal Cave This location is breath-taking beauty is three kilometers from Ambalavayal which is 25 kms. from Kalpetta. The Edakkal cave in the Ambukuthy Mountain is not a cave in the real sense. As stated in the India Antiquary (Vol.XXX, page - 410) and quoted in the District Gazetteer, Kozhikode, it is only 'a cleft about 96 ft. long and 22 ft. wide in the rock'. It is a fissure made by a corner of rock splitting off from the main body due to some natural causes. The depth of both the cleft and the fissure is 30 ft. What makes it a cave to the ordinary observer is the fact that in the other portion�� of the large cleft, an enormous rock, weighing several tonns, has fallen forming a roof over a large part of it. The rock wall contains some interesting carvings, which represent human and animal figures and objects of human use and symbols. These carvings speak of a highly civilized people of pre-historic are and inspires the archaeologists and historians to rewrite the history of Wayanad and Kerala as a whole. Kuruva Island The Kuruva Island, 950 acres of evergreen forest on the tributaries of east following river Kabani, is an ideal picnic spot, far away from the disturbance of city life. The island is uninhabited. Rare spicies of birds, orchids and herbs are the sovereigns of this supernal kingdom. It is 17 kms. east of Mananthavady and 40 kms. north west of Sulthan Bathery. Lakkidi One of the highest locations in Wayanad, Lakkidi also commands picturesque scenery. It is about 58 kms. north east of Kozhikode and five kms. south of Vythiri. Lakkidi, the gateway of Wayanad, lies atop Thamarassery, a ghats pass at an elevation of 700 m. above mean sea level. The lofty mountain peaks, the gurging stream, luxuriant vegetation and the bird's eye view of the deep valley on the south, with its winding roads, are breath taking. The 12 kms. long journey from Adivaram to Lakkidi through ghats road with nine hairpin bends amidst thick forests, is a fascinating experience. Muthanga Wild Life Sanctuary Muthanga, which is 16 kms. east of Sulthan Bathery, is located very near to the Karnataka border. Wild forests covering an area of 345 sq.kms. from the Muthanga Wild Life Sanctuary; the biggest abode of wild animals in Malabar. Elephant, spotted deer, bison, tiger, cheetah, wild bear, etc. are found in this sanctuary. The Forest Department has facilities for providing elephant rides to tourists here. Pakshipathalam Pakshipathalam in the Brahmagiri hills at Thirunelli is a challenging tourist spot for any adventure seeking tourist. To reach Pakshipathalam, seventeen kms have to be covered through wild forest. The deep rock caves, formed among the thick blocks of rocks at the northern top end of the Brahmagiri, are the abode of various birds and wild beasts. Special permissions have to be obtained from Forest Department to go to Pakshipathalam. District Tourism Promotion Council arranges vehicles, guides, camping equipments, etc. to the tourists, on here. Pazhassi Tourist Resort Pazhassi Tourist Resort at Mananthavady is a good picnic centre in north Wayanad. There is a good aquarium here. Coin -operated toys for children and boating facilities for tourists are available here. Pazhassi Raja, the Lion of Kerala, who organized guerilla type warfare against British East India Company, was cremated here in 1805. These carvings speak of a highly civilized people of pre-historic are and inspires the archaeologists and historians to rewrite the history of Wayanad and Kerala as a whole. Pookot Lake It is a natural fresh water lake, brimmed with evergreen mountains. The weather here is salacious; the scenic beauty, hypnotising and the nature, unspoiled. Pookot Lake tourist resort inVythiri is the most sought after tourist spot of Wayanad. There is an aquarium and a green house here. Boating facilities also are available. Spices and handicraft items are also arranged for sale Pookot. The lake has an area of 8.5ha.and the maximum water depth is 6.5mtrs.This lake is three kms. south of Vythiri. Sentinel Rock Waterfall �� This waterfall is at Vellarimala village near Chooralmala in Meppadi panchayat. It is a picnic spot as well as trekking centre. The sentinel rock, a rock of more than 200m.in height, is ideal for rock climbing. Soochippara Waterfall The waterfalls at Soochippara near Meppadi are really a treasure of nature, yet to be discovered. The stretches of waterfalls ranging at places from 100 to 300 feet height are a treat to the eyes. The pool below provides for water rafting, swimming, bathing, etc. The tree top huts at Soochippara give a unique view of the valleys of the Western Ghats and the glimmering shallow waters of the surrounding spring.

Wayanad - Kerala Trip

Pakshipathalam Pakshipathalam in the Brahmagiri hills at Thirunelli is a challenging tourist spot for any adventure seeking tourist. To reach Pakshipathalam, seventeen kms have to be covered through wild forest. The deep rock caves, formed among the thick blocks of rocks at the northern top end of the Brahmagiri, are the abode of various birds and wild beasts. Special permissions have to be obtained from Forest Department to go to Pakshipathalam. District Tourism Promotion Council arranges vehicles, guides, camping equipments, etc. to the tourists, on here.

Arakkal Museum

Arakkal Museum

River Tejaswini & Arakkal Museum

Tejaswini

Arakkal Museum - Kannur

The Arrakkal Museum is a museum dedicated to the Arakkal family, the only Muslim royal family in Kerala, south India. The museum is actually a section of the Arakkalkettu (Arakkal Palace). The durbar hall section of the palace has been converted into a museum by the Government of Kerala. It was opened in July 2005 after a Rs. 9,000,000 renovation. Although renovated by the government, the Arakkalkettu is still owned by the Arakkal Family Trust and does not fall under the control of the country's archaeology department, the Archaeological Survey of India. The government had taken a keen interest in preserving the heritage of the Arakkal Family, which had played a prominent role in the history of Malabar. A nominal entry fee is charged by the Arakkal Family Trust from visitors to the museum.

Kerala Trip - Wayanad - NagarHole.

Nagarhole, meaning ‘Snake River’ in Kannada, is a small town in Karnataka where Nagarhole National Park is situated. It is a picture perfect tourist spot with lush green forests, mind taking water falls, temples related to Indian mythology and places of cultural importance. Nagarhole derives its name from the winding course of the river like a snake that flows through the forests. Explore the environs of Nagarhole, feel the amazing beauty of the nature and take a moment of bliss to remember. Green is the keyword for any of the sites that you visit in and around Nagarhole. And the experience of being close to the Mother Nature is very thrilling. Though there are a number of sites to visit around Nagarhole, the Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary and the Bandipur National Park are the two destinations that one must not miss. The different species of birds in the Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary and the natural habitat of some of the rare species of flora and fauna along with the Asiatic Elephant in the Bandipur National Park make them the nature lover’s destinations. The area was an exclusive hunting reserve of the former rulers of Mysore. The two biggest animals that still roam the Indian wild are the elephant and the Indian bison, known locally as gaur. For a guaranteed look at these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat, a visit to Nagarhole is a must. The backdrop of the distant misty blue Brahmagiri mountains, the natural sounds of the jungle, the gurgling of streams and rivers, and the twittering of the birds make Nagarhole a memorable experience for any tourist visiting this place. Amidst the numerous teak saplings and trees surrounded by cardamom plants there is a watchtower also. Its moderate climate with abundant flora and fauna make it a veritable paradise for wildlife. The area consists of plain land as well as sloping hills with varied flora from dry deciduous to semi-evergreen forests. The smell of fresh, pure air rejuvenates the spirit of any tourist reaching at Nagahole. The beauty of the sun tried to bathe the forest with its rays at dawn is enchanting. Tribes like Jenu Kurubas (honey-gatherers), the Betta Kurubas (hill tribes) and the Hakki-Pikki (bird trappers) inhabit in this area.

Kerala Trip: Kerala Trip - Wayanad - Bandipur: Near Bandipur -There are several lovely locations close to Bandipur National Park that you may visit while staying at Bandipur. The Mudumal...

Kerala Trip - Wayanad - Bandipur

Near Bandipur-There are several lovely locations close to Bandipur National Park that you may visit while staying at Bandipur. The Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary located just 12 km is to the south of the Bandipur National Park and is yet another wildlife sanctuary that provides the perfect ambience for a holiday close to nature. With the best that nature has to offer the Mudumalai Wildlife sanctuary is a wonderful location worth visiting. Ooty or Udagamandalam is often referred to as the “Queen of Hill Stations”. The hill station plays host to several thousands of tourists all year round. The beauty of this hill station with verdant hills, picturesque valleys and lovely plantations is simply beyond words. The season here is from April to June and from September to November. In and around Ooty too there are several picturesque locations worth visiting like the Pykara lake, the Botanical Garden, Ooty Lake, the Rose Garden, Dodabetta, Kothagiri and the plantation town Conoor. Located at a distance of approximately 80 kms from the Bandipur Wildlife Sanctuary it is well connected and can be accessed easily. The beautiful city of Mysore is located at a distance of approximately 80 kms from the Bandipur Wildlife Sanctuary. The city is known for it glorious historical past and is truly spectacular. There are several beautiful locations at Mysore that you would love visiting. Some of the major tourist destinations include the Brindavan Gardens, the Chamundi Hills, the Mysore zoo, The Jagmohan Palace (which has a lovely collection of Ravi Varma paintings) and last but not the least the Towering Mysore Palace which is a significant landmark of Mysore standing testimony to its glorious past. The Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary is yet another beautiful location that you could visit from Bandipur. It is located just 88 kms away from the Bandipur National Park and is a beautiful location that is home to several exotic species of birds. The climate is also suitable making it a sought after tourist destination located close to Bangalore.

Kerala Trip- Wayanad - Kabini- Bandipur

KABINIThe vegetation in Nagarhole reflects the distribution of rainfall over the park. The eastern parts of the park receive less rainfall with a gradual increase to the middle and western parts of the park. The two broad forest types that dominate the park are the moist-deciduous, where the annual rainfall exceeds 1000mm and dry-deciduous where the rainfall is lower. Substantial areas were clear felled and monocultures of teak were raised. Where these plantations failed, secondary forests have taken over. There are also various microhabitat types such as hadlus, which are shallow clayey valley bottoms that contain swamp savannas and short grass clearings or veiwlines created to facilitate game viewing for the tourists. Flowering trees such as Flame of the Forest, Indian Coral Tree, Red Silk Cotton, Indian Laburnum and the Padri add a dash of colour during the dry season, taking turns to brighten up the park. A dam was built across the Kabini, creating a huge lake with Giant Bamboo dominating the river banks. During the dry season, water is let out for irrigation and the lake dries out leaving only the main river visible. The resulting open plain supports an abundance of fresh grass more reminiscent of African savanna than tropical India. This unique microhabitat has proved to be a boon for the park, providing fresh grass when the rest of the park is drying out.

BANDIPUR -India is a picturesque land that is home to diverse flora and fauna. The diversity in flora, fauna, landforms, the spectacular scenic locations and last but not the least the warm and friendly people here make it an attractive tourist destination. There are several beautiful hill stations, valleys and beaches that are a great place for a wonderful holiday. One such wonderful destination is the Bandipur Wildlife Sanctuary which houses thousands of varieties of flora and fauna in the beautiful forests and is a truly mesmerizing experience in itself. A great vacation spot, away from the pressures of city life, Bandipur wildlife sanctuary is a wonderful place to unwind with nature by your side. Located in the southern part of the beautiful state of Karnataka, Bandipur is one of the oldest wildlife sanctuaries in India. The Bandipur National Park was made by the Maharaja of Mysore in the year 1931 and was then spread over an area of 90 sq kms. However, it was later increased to 800 sq kms and renamed the Venugopala Wildlife Park after the residing deity of the shrine located here at Gopalswamy Betta. The name Bandipur National Park was given in the year 1973 when the Government took over the park under the Project Tiger Scheme and it was then made into a Tiger Reserve. Bandipur Wildlife sanctuary forms the connecting link between the Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary in Tamilnadu and the Wayanad wildlife sanctuary in Kerala and thus, is a long beautiful stretch that you would fall in love with. There are three beautiful rivers that flow through the Bandipur sanctuary namely the Moyar river, the Kabini river and the Nagur river. The weather is ideally suited for a great vacation amidst nature. Bandipur is a lovely destination that can be visited all year round. The summer months from March to May would be a great time to watch the animals at the watering holes. However, the period between June to October (during the monsoons) is when Bandipur comes alive with greenery all over. Entry to the park is charged and the rates vary for Indian and foreign nationals. Vehicles on hire, cameras and the spectacular elephant safari are charged extra. There are a number of activities like boating, fishing, bird watching and trekking that you could indulge in while on your holiday here. For photographers and nature lovers, Bandipur is truly heaven on Earth. Being located so close to the happening city of Bangalore makes the BandipurNational Park a much sought after weekend getaway from Bangalore.

Nagarhole

Nagarhole tourism The park is usually closed for safaris during mating season of animals and during monsoon. Traffic movement is restricted to 6 pm to 6 am every day and the gates are closed on either sides of entry into the forest. The forest department houses visitors in lodges in the Murkal guest houses (approx 220 km from Bangalore) and also near the RFO office in the park itself. Safaris are organized in the Forest department vans two time a day; early morning and evening. Regular education camps are conducted for school children and the forest department provides special concessions for tours organized for school children. [edit]Threats and Conservation efforts Contact Kerala Trip Threats to the national park come from large scale cutting of sandalwood and teak trees, and overgrazing of cattle. Timber smuggling, especially sandalwood smuggling, happens quite extensively here. Timber felling has been reported from plantation areas in Kollihadi, Vaddara Modu, Tattikere in Veerahosanahalli and Mettiupe in Kalahalli. Other places where timber felling has been reported include Arekatti, Badrikatte, Bidurukatte, Veerana Hosahalli and Marhigodu ranges. In July 2002 hundreds of trees were cut down in the Veeranahosalli range.[6] Local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) like Kodagu Ekikarana Ranga (KER), Budakattu Krishikara Sangha (BKS) and Budakattu Hakku Sthapana Samiti (BHSS) are working to stop tree felling. Disease outbreaks too among the cattle have been recorded. An outbreak of rabies that resulted in four cattle deaths and affecting 25-30 cattle was reported in the first week of September 2005 at G M Halli on the border of Antharasanthe Forest Range in the park.[7] Poaching of birds and other mammals is another serious issue. A high number of elephant deaths have been reported from this park, with nearly 100 elephants dying between 1991–92 and 2004-05 in the Kodagu and Hunsur Forest Division (PA Update 2005). Elephants are killed for their ivory. A study carried out by Wildlife First! found that nearly 77 elephants were reported dead between 1 January 2000 and 31 October 2002. Another study carried out by the Institute for Natural Resources, Conservation, Education, Research and Training (INCERT) in 2002 revealed that as many as seven elephants had been killed earlier that year.[8] A study carried out by Dr. Ullas Karanth and Madhusudan between 1996-97 revealed that hunting was the biggest threat to wildlife in Kudremukh and Nagarhole National Parks. The survey carried out on 49 active and 19 retired hunters revealed that 26 species of wildlife were hunted at an average intensity of 216 hunter days per month per village. As much as 48% of the hunters reported hunting for the 'thrill'. The study showed that in Nagarhole, 16 mammal species weighing over 1 kg were regularly hunted with shotguns and also by traditional methods used by tribal communities.[9] A report submitted by The Project Tiger Steering Committee stated that barely 25% of the park's staff were involved in vigilance work, thus putting the park at high risk of both, poaching and tree felling. Irregular payment to the forestry staff has been reported in both Bandipur and Nagarhole National Parks and there have also been reports of improper use of project funds.[8][9] Forest fires[10][11] and seasonal droughts coupled with water shortage have caused many wild animals to migrate to other greener spaces.[9][11] Human animal conflicts due to raids by wild animals and elephants on nearby villages along with the consequent retaliation by the villagers is another important threat to the parks wildlife. In 2001, the Karnataka state government sanctioned Rs 2 crores to dig elephant proof trenches and install solar fencing around the park to prevent elephants from straying into the farmer's fields.[12] In 1997, tribal activist groups won a public interest litigation in the Karnataka High Court to halt the setting up of a resort called the Gateway Tusker Lodge planned to be set up by the Taj Group of Hotels.[10][13] With nearly 125 villages present inside the park, NGOs actively working to protect the tribal communities include, Living Inspiration for Tribals (LIFT), Coorg Organisation of Rural Development (CORD), DEED, FEDINA-VIKASA and Nagarhole Budakattu Janara Hakkustapana Samithi. In 2000, the first relocation attempts initiated by a World Bank funded eco-development project of the local tribal population was begun with 50 tribal people. The relocated families were given land possession certificates for five acres of land and houses at Veeranahosalli, near Hunsur. The state an Contact Kerala Trip

Nagarhole

Nagarhole

NAGARHOLE National Park History The park was an exclusive hunting reserve of the former rulers of Mysore. This place derives its name from naga, meaning snake and hole, referring to streams. It was set up in 1955 as a wildlife sanctuary and later converted into a national park in year 1988.[1] [edit]Terrain The forest ranges the foothills of the Western Ghats spreading over to the hillside and south towards Kerala. The vegetation consists mainly of moist mixed deciduous forest (Tectona grandis, Dalbergia latifolia) in the southern parts, dry tropical forest (Wrightia tinctoria, Acacia) towards the east, and Sub mountain hill valley swamp forest (Eugenia). [edit]Fauna and flora The main trees found are Rosewood, Teak, Sandalwood and Silver oak. Species of trees of the dry deciduous forest include Terminalia tomentosa, Tectonia grandis, Lagerstroemia lanceolata,Pterocarpus marsupium, Grewia tilaefolia, Dalbergia latifolia and Anogeissus latifolia.[3] Other tree species that are seen in the forests are Lagerstroemia microcarpa, Adina cordifolia, Bombax malabaricum, Schleichera trijuga and species of Ficus. In the under storey, species found growing include Kydia calycina, Emblica officinalis and Gmelina arborea. Shrubs like Solanum, Desmodium, Helicteres species and invasive species like Lantana camara and Eupatorium too are found in abundance. The dry deciduous forests have many tree species commonly found in the moist deciduous forests like Anoegeissus latifolia, Cassia fistula, Butea monosperma, Dendrocalamus strictus, Wrightia tinctoria and Acacia sp., while the swamp forests have a predominance of Eugenia. In addition to Rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia) and Teak (Tectonia grandis) the other commercially important species of trees found in the forests include Sandalwood (Santalum album) and silver oak (Grevillea robusta)[4][5] Chital herd, Nagarahole WLS, Kodagu District Elephant herd, Nagarahole WLS, Kodagu District Gaur herd, Nagarahole WLS, Kodagu District Sambar mother and fawn, Nagarahole WLS, Kodagu District Flagship species like tiger (Panthera tigris), Indian bison or gaur (Bos gaurus) and Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) are found in large numbers inside the park. A study carried out by Dr. Ullas Karanth of the Wildlife Conservation Society has shown that the forests of Nagarhole have three species of predators i.e. tiger, leopard (Panthera pardus) and wild dogs (Cuon alpinus) present at an equivalent density (PA Update 2000). The park also has an abundance of jackals (Canis aureus), grey mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi), sloth bears (Melursus ursinus), striped hyenas (Hyaena hyaena), spotted deer or chital (Axis axis), sambar (Cervus unicolor), barking deer (Munitacus muntjak), four-horned antelopes (Tetracerpus quadricornis) and wild boar (Sus scrofa). Other mammalian inhabitants include the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus), brown mongoose (Herpestes brachyurus), striped-necked mongoose(Herpestes vitticollis), black-naped hare (Lepus nigricollis), mouse deer, Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata), red giant flying squirrel (Petaurista petaurista), Indian porcupine (Hystrix indica) and Indian giant flying squirrel (Petaurista philippensis).[4][5] Recognised as an Important Bird Area the park has over 270 species of birds including the 'Critically endangered' Oriental white-backed vulture (Gyps bengalensis), 'Vulnerable' lesser adjutant (Leptopilos javanicus), greater spotted eagle (Aquila changa) and the Nilgiri wood-pigeon (Columba elphinstonii). 'Near threatened' species like darters (Anhniga melanogaster), oriental white ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus), greater grey headed fish eagle (Icthyophaga ichthyaetus) and red headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus) too can be found here. Endemics include the blue winged parakeet (Psittacula columboides), Malabar grey hornbill (Ocyceros griseus) and the white bellied treepie (Dendrocitta leucogastra). Seven of the 15 Biome-10 (Indian Peninsula Tropical Moist Forest) and 21 of the 59 Biome-11 (Indo-Malayan Tropical Dry Zone) species have been noted from here. Some of the birds that can be sighted here include the white cheeked barbet (Megalaima viridis), Indian scimitar babbler (Pomatorhinus horsfieldii) and Malabar whistling thrush (Myiophonus horsfieldii). Even birds commonly seen in drier regions like painted bush quail (Pendicula erythrorhyncha), Sirkeer malkhoa (Phaenicophaeus leschenaultia), ashy prinia (Prinia socialis), Indian robin (Saxicoloides fulicata), Indian peafowl (Pava cristatus) and yellow legged green pigeon (Treron phoenicoptera) can be found here.[4][5] Reptiles commonly found here are common vine snake (Ahaetulla nasutus), common wolf snake (Lycodon aulicus), rat snake (Ptyas mucosus), bamboo pit viper (Trimeresurus gramineus), Russell's viper (Daboia russellii), common krait (Bangarus caeruleus), Indian rock python (Python molurus), Indian monitor lizard (Varanus bengalensis) and the common toad (Bufo melanostictus).[4][5] Extensive studies on the biodiversity of the insect population have been carried out by researchers from the Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Bangalore. The insect biodiversity of this park includes over 96 species of dung beetles and 60 species of ants. Unusual species of ants that have been identified include the jumping ants such as Harpegnathos saltator, which are known to jump up to a metre high. The ant species Tetraponera rufonigra may be useful as a marker for the health of the forests because these ants feed on termites and are abundant in places where there are lots of dead trees. Species of dung beetles identified include the common dung beetle (Onthophagus dama), India's largest beetle, Heliocopris dominus which breeds only in elephant dung and Onthophagus pactolus, a very rare species of dung beetle. [edit]Climate and ecology Located in Kodagu district of Karnataka, with the Brahmagiri mountains forming a picturesque background, the Nagarhole National Park was set up in 1955. The park forms a part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and has been nominated for selection as a World Heritage Site. It lies between the latitudes 12°15'37.69"E and longitudes 76°17'34.4"N. Altitude in the park varies from 687–960 m. By 1988 the protected area in this park was increased to occupy 643.39 km2. The park receives an annual rainfall of 1,440 mm and its water sources include the Lakshmmantirtha river, Sarati Hole, Nagar Hole, Balle Halla, Kabini river, four perennial streams, 47 seasonal streams, four small perennial lakes, 41 artificial tanks, several swamps, Taraka dam and the Kabini reservoir.[4] [edit]Tribal and native inhabitants The Jenu Kurubas, primary inhabitants of this forest area, are a tribe in Karnataka state and their traditional practices and rituals are slowly disappearing. The government is restricting their entry inside the National park and forest due to multiple factors including but not limited conservation efforts and bringing the community to the mainstream society. The Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, identified the Jenu Kuruba and the Koraga as tribal groups in Karnataka. The Jenu Kurubas are traditional food gatherers and honey collectors. In Kannada, the term ‘Jenu’ means ‘honey’ and the term ‘kuruba’ generally mean ‘shepherd’. It is derived from the Kannada word ‘kuri’ which means ‘sheep’. The term kuruba is also associated with non-shepherd communities. They speak a variant form of Kannada commonly known as Jenu-nudi within their family kin group, and Kannada with others. They use Kannada script. According to the Census of 1981, the population of Jenu Kuruba community is 34,747 out of which 17,867 are male and 16,880 are female.[citation needed] The Jenu Kurubas are found scattered in the jungles as with other tribal groups. They are excellent climbers of tree and are skilled in the use of sling, bows and arrows. They demonstrate a strong emotional attachment to the forest as their mother deity and represents a whole way of life. Their food, dress, worship, house, medicine storing articles furniture etc. all are linked with forest. Parts of the tribe which have resisted exposure to civilization still live in thatched huts made of mud, leaves and grass. A significant population of this community have adopted the civilized ways of life an have moved out of the forest in the last decade, thanks to relocation efforts by the Government of India and other NGOs operating in this region. For those still in the forest, health is one of the serious problems due to unhygienic living conditions, lack of access to clean water, under nourishment, malnutrition and superstitious ways of life. Their food habits differ significantly from the civilized communities. They generally consume edible roots and tubers while occasionally consuming wild animal meat as well. The Jenu Kurubas mainly depend on forest for their day to day life. They occupy forested regions where for a long period in their history, they lived in isolation but in harmony with nature. They demonstrate significant knowledge of the forest including varied species of flora and fauna and relate to the forest very well. Collecting honey, wax and other forest produce like roots and tubers has been the mainstay of their survival and in recent times they have been found selling them in the market through organized trade groups, both legal and illegal which has led to a furore of angst amongst the conservationists.[citation needed] Many of the cultural traits they have are common with the neighbouring tribes such as Betta Kuruba / Kadu Kuruba. In the forest the tribes also practice agriculture, the main crops grown are Ragi, Cow gram, Bengal gram, Horse gram and black gram. In the recent years, a lot of commercialization has occurred due to increase in tourism and fragmentation of forest ranges leading to severe. The tribal communities have long since given up the traditional ways of life and have easily indulged in poaching activities and indiscreet hunting of birds and forest animals. Numerous cases of such assistance provided by the tribal folk to poachers in trying to sell game, live or dead, medicinal herbs have been observed and controlled by the forest department leading to a clash between the tribal communities protected by law and law enforcement agencies. To resolve this conflict and imminent threat to the bio-diversity in this forest, numerous relocation efforts and anti-poaching efforts have been made in the last decade. An increase in poaching was attributed to the tribal support received by poachers in getting guidance from the tribal groups to navigate the forest and tracking game, in exchange for money or other supply of necessaries.[citation needed]